The participants also felt that water was one of the most vital concerns plaguing india currently, specially the pollution being caused to our rivers and lakes and that water, being an important environment issue. Kolkatas pollution woes mount with its air, water quality. In the present topic, it is highlighted the basic information of the city water supply system. Pollution comparison between kolkata, india and delhi, india.
Delhi may be vying with beijing for global topper status in air pollution and garnering all the attention for polluted air, but kolkata has silently pushed delhi behind on the air quality index and turned the toxic topper among metro cities in india during the first two months of 2018. The west bengal pollution control board air pollution monitoring sites cover the areas of rabindrabharati, victoria memorial, ultadanga, moulali, baishnabghata, salt lake minto park, paribesh bhawan, dunlop bridge, shyambazar and behala chowrasta. In almost all major cities of india, the quality is air turning out to be very bad and causing many health issues among the public. The gaia air quality monitoring stations are using hightech laser particle sensors to measure in realtime pm2. Jan 17, 2018 kolkata was the most polluted city in the world on tuesday as the pollution levels shot off the charts to reach a pm 2. Inspite of knowing the pollution level of the river ganga, the people of kolkata considers this water to be sacred due to their religious prejudices and use this polluted water on a daily basis which have resulted in the cause of skin and many unidentified diseases. The success for sustainable water resource development depends on abatement of pollution with participatory governance and education. Sources of air pollution in kolkata several factors cause air pollution in kolkata and among them the main factor is transportation 43,44, where the abundance of poorlymaintained vehicles, use of petrol fuel, and poor controlling are making transportation the. Pollution occurs when any form of impurity is introduced into a clean source. Thats nearly half the fleet of vehicles adding to pollution in kolkata. The scenario and fluctuation of the pollutants level of the important traffic points of our study area are shown in the chapter five. The pollution levels in kolkata are not only increasing over the period but are critical at some traffic intersection point. Surface water pollution surface water includes natural water found on the earths surface, like rivers, lakes, lagoons and oceans. Water pollution control a guide to the use of water quality management principles.
For metropolitan cities of india, three important pollution indicators are identified with the help of principal component analysis viz. Kolkatas pollution woes mount with its air, water quality in. The core kolkata city is spread over around 200 square kilometres and has a population of 4. Address, contact numbers, contact details of cio, chief finance officer cfo, hr head, sales head, purchase head, admin head, marketing head or manager also available. There are mainly four types of pollution air, water, soil and land. Water pollution is one of the biggest issues facing india right now. Estimation of perceptions about pollution in kolkata. Hes standing near a sluice gate on the bhangar canal on the eastern outskirts of kolkata. Probing for four toxic metals in drinking water project report project supported by eejp. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india.
Moreover, 45 per cent of the total oil consumption by the citys vehicle users is constituted by diesel. Result of surveys about air pollution, water pollution, greens and parks satisfaction, light and noise pollution, etc. Effect of legislative regulations and economic transformation on the air quality. An analysis of ambient air quality in kolkata was done by applying the exceedance factor ef method, where the presence of listed pollutants rpm, spm, no2, and so2 annual average concentration. Hazardous substances coming into contact with this surface water, dissolving or mixing physically with the water can be called surface water pollution. Environmental pollution can be defined as a change that is not wished or desired in the chemical, physical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment air, water, and soil which can cause harmful effects on various or many forms of life. Once connected, air pollution levels are reported instantaneously and in realtime on our. Dec 12, 2017 additionally, to further reduce air pollution in kolkata, the wbpcb has suggested the calcutta high court to issue a notice to petrol pumps in the city to stop selling fuel to vehicles that cant provide valid pollution under control puc certificates. It is most often used in an environmental concept like air or water pollution. According to a report in times of india, water quality in the river hoogly had improved due to reduced pollution caused by relentless industrial activity. Get top management, md, ceo, hr manager contact details with email id of west bengal pollution control board in kolkata.
Sources of air pollution in kolkata several factors cause air pollution in kolkata and among them the main factor is transportation 43,44, where the abundance of poorlymaintained vehicles, use of petrol fuel, and poor controlling are making transportation the major air polluting sector 45,46. Industrial landfill sources of air, water and land pollution. Environmental impart analysis of water pollution in india surendra kumar gupta, department of law, rajeev gandhi college, bhopal abstract water quality has become a major global concern due to ever increasing human developmental activities. The central pollution control board cpcb says only a tenth of the sewage produced along the main stream of the ganges is treated at all. With water pollution down, dolphins reportedly spotted. Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated smallscale industry.
Pdf air pollution and human health in kolkata, india. Be able to execute assignments in your locality pertaining to noise pollution. Nov 25, 2014 it is reported that the current population of kolkata is more than 4. With such alarming statistics, one would assume that pollution would be a raging debate in kolkata. Neither the administration nor the states environment or pollution control boards seems to be addressing the citys many problem areas. The district of kolkata lies between 22030 n to 22037 n latitudes and 88018 e to 88023 e longitudes. Tanushree mukherjee research fellow and convenor, kolkata youth water forum 5 station lane, dhakuria, kolkata 700 031, india prof. Murty and surender kumar 19 certain levels without a. The environmental kuznets curve ekc on water pollution was investigated with both semi parametric and parametric models using watershed level data for the state of louisiana, usa. Santosh ghosh hony president, centre for built environment 25 sarat bose road, kolkata 700 020, india.
The stats were released by the us embassy and consulate that monitors emissions around the globe. The largest source of water pollution in india is untreated sewage. Kolkata air quality index, air pollution level in kolkata. There are many environmental issues in kolkata, severely affecting its biophysical environment as well as human health. Gangetic dolphins spotted from ghats of kolkata after. I can remember even 30 years ago, these dolphins used to be spotted from different ghats of kolkata. The private and often illegal water business is even the norm in salt lake in central kolkata city where the drinking water quality is poor. Then, as the water pollution levels increased, these mammals disappeared. Air pollution in durgapur an overview we have discussed in the previous chapter how the industrial scenario in durgapur region has skyrocketed in the last decade.
Air pollution, water pollution, garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are prevalent in kolkata. As may be evident, untreated sewage is the biggest source of such form of pollution in india. The reason for their recent sightings in kolkata has been attributed to an improvement in ganges water quality resulting from suspension of human activities due to the lockdown which is in place to contain novel coronavirus covid19. Studies, university of calcutta abstract this study is concerned witp the idea of environmental management and peoples perception about the extent to which various iustries practice this new facet of management. Project on noise pollution in india pdf noise pollution has been linked to a variety of health conditions. Water supply system in kolkata city and adjoining areas.
The kma has a centuryold sewerage system which is divided into. After years, the south asian river dolphin, commonly known as ganges dolphin, has been spotted from different ghats in kolkata. Pollution occurs when any form of impurity is introduced. Air pollution control equipment in kolkata, west bengal air. East kolkata wetlands is the southeastern drainage basin of kolkata city, which covers an area of approximately 12,000 ha. The benefits of neo industrialisation, especially the post2000 expansion, has also been linked to increased pollution in the locality and it is argued that the. Most downloaded environmental pollution articles elsevier. Will kolkata soon wrest the countrys pollution capital crown from delhi. Nov 11, 2015 kolkata, the capital city of west bengal, is the most important city in eastern india. A drinking water contamination scare spreading like wildfire in past three days in large areas of jadavpur, santoshpur, baghajatin, and areas off em bypass such as madurdaha, mukundapur, kalikapur. The major causes of water pollution include sewage and other oxygendemanding wastes, urbanization, agrochemical wastes, thermal pollution, industrial wastes, nutrient enrichment, acid rain. After years of remaining aloof from the ghats of kolkata, the rare south asian river dolphins seem to be making a comeback to city shores, thanks to reduces water pollution. One of the most destructive types is petroleum pollution. Pollution can come in 4 different types affecting different types of areas in the world.
Epidemiological studies have shown that concentrations of ambient air particles are associated with a wide range of effects on human health, especially on the cardiorespiratory system 10,11. Very easy to set up, they only require a wifi access point and a usb power supply. Diesel cars are mainly responsible for the deteriorating kolkata air pollution situation. Control of industrial pollution in kolkata metropolitan area. Aug 19, 2016 the central pollution control board cpcb says only a tenth of the sewage produced along the main stream of the ganges is treated at all. Seabirds, gyres and global trends in plastic pollution open access. It is a common practice to puncture the water line of kolkata municipal corporation area along em bypass, collect water in various containers and sell it to salt lake residents at a high rate. Many water resources are more and more becoming vulnerable to pollution by toxic chemicals, dirt, garbage, and pathogens. See air pollution level live in different areas of kolkata including ballygunge, kolkata wbpcb, bidhannagar, kolkata wbpcb, fort william, kolkata. Kolkata s 565 count was 9 times more than the permissible limit of 60, higher. Has pollution in kolkata decreased in the last few years. It is counselors of stimulation arising from within an from outside the reason when the term action is defined as the operating part that.
Kolkata residents breathe in air which has 35 times. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in india are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage and solid wastes. Kolkata, an nabl accredited laboratory with cpcb and wbpcb certification, for the analysis of metal concentration in the water samples. In 1995, the supreme court required that all new petrolfuelled cars in the four major metros delhi, mumbai, kolkata, chennai were to be fitted with converters. Kolkata, historically known as calcutta, also known as kalikata is the capital of the indian state of west bengal. New delhi may be reeling under severe air pollution, but kolkata has not only touched the countrys capital city but have also surpassed the city quite a few days in terms of air pollution. Thus pollution levels are molded not only by natural factors but also by social factors. The awareness is define as the state of level of consciousness where data can be confirmed by an observer.
Dolphins sighted at kolkata ghats due to low water pollution. Water pollution in india 6 publicpublic participation in agencies, etc. Official ambient air quality monitoring has shown 61 per cent increase in particulate matter in just four years 2010 to 20. Kolkata s laidback attitude makes the health hazards the city faces due to pollution, worse. Packaged drinking water soars as water contamination scare. Petroleum products, such as oil and gasoline, enter the water from ships and marine terminals, offshore oil rigs, runoff from. Scenario of vehicular emissions and its effect on human. The world air quality index project has exercised all reasonable skill and care in compiling the contents of this information and under no circumstances will the world air quality index project team or its agents be liable in contract, tort or otherwise for any loss, injury or damage arising directly or indirectly from the supply of this data. The study area is the city of kolkata under the jurisdiction of kolkata municipal corporation kmc. Water is one of the most essential requirements for all living. Pdf a comparative study on air pollution in indian cities. Untreated sewerage is the biggest problem, said rudra, speaking at a media study trip along the lower reaches of the ganga from kolkata.
A report by the world health organization who has finally confirmed that kolkata is the secondmost polluted metropolis in the country, next only to delhi. The greater urban conglomeration includes 41 other cities and hosts nearly 15 million, making it the third largest city area in india. Also testing for mercury, lead, cadmium and chromium in the hooghly water. Kolkata is in the grip of rising air pollution and multipollutant crisis. In collaboration with the state pollution control boards of uttar pradesh, bihar and bengal and the centre for study of man and environment kolkata calcutta, studies were conducted on the sources of pollution including all human activities, land use pattern and water quality of the river at selected sites during 198182 and report.
Pollution is of different kinds depending on the nature of pollutants and pollutions. Air pollution level in kolkata among countrys highest. Introduction water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems facing the world. With decreasing water pollution, dolphins make a comeback. In fact there could be a problem of water pollution only if the pollution loads exceed the natural regenerative capacity of a water resource. Contextual translation of water pollution into bengali. Air pollution has become a major issue in india in recent times, and is not confined to a major territory or state. In the w etlands, act s as a natural system of using sewage waste and providing primary treatment to remove the pollution load from the waste water of the city.
September 29, 2008 ganga, kolkata west bengal, india people are gathered early in the morning for taking bath in the ganges river. An analysis of ambient air quality in kolkata was done by applying the exceedance factor ef method, where the presence of listed pollutants rpm, spm, no2, and so2 annual average concentration are classified into four different categories. According to the survey conducted by west bengal pollution control board in the year 201220, it has been observed that concentration of major vehicular air pollutants such as so 2, no 2, pb, no x, spm, rpm. Pollution worsens in the lower ganga the third pole. In daily life, we dont use water from the canal, says shaiful, a 25year old fishery owner. Ganges dolphins spotted in kolkata as water pollution. Nearly 65 per cent of the new cars in kolkata are diesel driven. Kolkata indias air pollution capital india climate dialogue. Consulate generals air pollution monitor covers the area of park street.
Environmental impart analysis of water pollution in india. Control of industrial pollution in kolkata metropolitan area mahaaya chatte. Isbn 0 419 22910 8 case study i the ganga, india this case study was prepared by y. One of the major factors behind kolkata s rapidly declining air quality is the lack of pollution checks on old vehicles. Case study i the ganga, india world health organization. Water pollution control a guide to the use of water. Congestion causes tremendous vehicular air pollution within the city of kolkata.
Types and sources of water pollution there are several major types of water pollution. Kolkata, a waterrich city turning waterpoor the third pole. Kolkata is 2ndmost polluted metro, air quality worsening. The united nations environment programme has estimated that, globally, 1. For many kolkatans, the problem of water pollution is all too real, particularly so to the east, where the citys many waterways flow.
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